SCOPING REVIEW TENTANG PARTISIPASI SUAMI PADA MASA PERINATAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/mj.v5i2.1534Kata Kunci:
partisipasi suami, perinatal, scoping reviewAbstrak
Berdasarkan Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017, Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) tahun 2017 sebanyak 305/100.00 KH. Penyebab tertinggi AKI di negara berkembang: perdarahan, infeksi, komplikasi persalinan, aborsi, pre-eklamsi dan eklamsi. Selain itu AKI juga berhubungan dengan adanya pengaruh sosial budaya, contohnya masyarakat beranggapan bahwa hamil, bersalin, nifas dan merawat anak adalah urusan perempuan yang menyebabkan rendahnya partisipasi suami sebesar 45%. Perempuan juga tidak berwenang mengembali keputusan meskipun dalam kodisi gawatdarurat. Hal ini menyebabkan terlambtanya penanganan kesehatan pada ibu yang dapat berakibat pada mneingkatnya angka kesakitan dan kematian pada ibu. Tujuan dari scoping review ini adalah untuk memetakan evidence yang sudah tersedia terkait dengan partisipasi suami pada masa hamil, bersalin dan pasca salin di negara berkembang. Scoping review ini mengikuti framework dari Arksey and O’Malley, yang terdiri dari mendidentikasi pertanyaan review; mencari evidence yang relevan; menyeleksi studi yang relevan; memetakan data; dan mediskusikan, menyimpulkan dan melaporkan hasil. PRISMA flowchart digunakan untuk menampilkan alur pencarian evidence. Hasil dari review menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 artikel yang didapatkan dari proses pencarian. Review ini memunculkan 5 tema yaitu keterlibatan suami pada masa perinatal; faktor yang mempengaruhi keterlibatan suami pada masa perinatal; penyebab kurangnya partisipasi suami; sistem kesehatan; dan strategi yang dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan suami pada masa perinatal. Partisipasi suami pada masa perinatal masih tidak dilakukan secara optimal pada negara berkembang, sebagai akibat dari pembagian peran suami dan istri akibat bias gender, untuk itu diperlukan upaya inovatif untuk mengikutsertakan suami pada masa perinatal.
Indonesian Demographic Healts Survey in 2017 reported that there was 305/ 1,000 maternal mortality in Indonesia. Post partum haemorarghea, infection, maternal complications, abortion, preeclampsia and eclampsia cause maternal mortality. Additionally, maternal morality is also associated with local social culture, for instance society views that pregnancy, childbirth and after childbirth are women’s matters, which subsequently causes lack of partner’ s involvement in that periods. Women are alo placed with have no autonomy to decide even in regards to their health and life or even in their emergencey condition. This situation led to delayed intervention and care, and it also possibly increase risk of maternal mortality and morbidity. This scoping review aimed to mapping evidences about partner involvement within perinatal period in developing countries. Arksey and O’Malley framework was applied involving identify review question; identify relevant evidences; study selection; charting data; and collating, summarizing and reporting the data. PRISMA flowcahart was used to show the process of searching evidence. Result of the review showed that there were 12 evidences included and processed within review. There five themes emerged i.e. partner’s involvement within perinatal period; factors associated with partner’s involvement within perinatal period; factors lead to lack of partner involvement within perinatal period; health system; strategies to increase partner involvement. Partner involvement is still low within developing countries as a result of role differences amongst men and women, this occurs due to gender bias, therefore tehre is a need to develop innovative strategy to involve partner within perinatal period.
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