MASYARAKAT ARAB DAN AKULTURASI BUDAYA SASAK DI KOTA MATARAM (TINJAUAN HISTORIS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/historis.v6i1.7418Keywords:
Akulturasi, Masyarakat Arab, Budaya Sasak.Abstract
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang Masyarakat Arab dan Akulturasi Budaya Sasak Di Kota Mataram (Suatu Tinjauan Historis). Metode Penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang Arab masuk di tanah gumi sasak sekitar abad 1545 semenjak islam masuk dan dilanjutkan oleh para ulama yang datang dari Hadrami Yaman Selatan sekitar abad 18-20-an bahkan sampai sekarang telah membentuk sebuah kelompok sosial yang dapat dipastikan telah terjadi interaksi dan proses saling mempengaruhi antara Masyarakat Arab dengan keturunannya dan masyarakat gumi sasak. Keterikatan itu juga dapat kita lihat pada komunitas masyarak arab yang mendiami Perkampungan Arab Kota Tua Ampenan Mataram. Masyarakat arab masih menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kebudayaan Islam dengan tetap mempertahankan musik gambus untuk memeriahkan acara perkawinan, sehingga masyarakat arab belum dapat sepenuhnya berbaur dengan masyarakat setempat, akan tetapi masyarakat Arab selalu menghadiri setiap ada undangan acara perkawinan masyarakat Sasak. Hubungan masyarakat Arab dan Sasak dalam interaksi sosial menghasilkan pola hubungan kebiasaan baru yang saling mempengaruhi sehingga terciptanya kebiasaan dan kebudayaan baru yang saling diadopsi antara masyarakat Arab dan masyarakat Sasak. Sehingga terjadilah proses asimilasi dan akulturasi dari interaksi sosial antara masyarakat Arab sebagai pendatang dan masyarakat Sasak sebagai pribumi.
Abstract: This study aims to describe the Arab Community and Cultural Acculturation of Sasak In Mataram City (A Historical Review). The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method with a historical method approach. The results showed that Arabs entered the land of gumi sasak around the 1545 century since Islam entered and continued by scholars who came from Hadrami South Yemen around the 18th-20th century even today has formed a social group that can be ascertained there has been interaction and mutual influence between Arabs and their descendants and the gumi sasak community. The attachment can also be seen in the Arab community that inhabits the Old City Arab Village of Ampenan Mataram. Arab society still upholds Islamic cultural values while maintaining gambus music to enliven the wedding ceremony, so the Arab community has not been able to fully blend in with the local community, but the Arab community always attends every invitation to the Sasak wedding ceremony. Arab and Sasak public relations in social interactions resulted in a pattern of new habitual relationships that influenced each other to create new habits and cultures that were mutually adopted between Arabs and Sasak peoples. Thus there was a process of assimilation and acculturation of social interaction between Arabs as immigrants and Sasak people as natives.
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