Identifikasi Pola Masa Bangunan di Permukiman Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Loang Godeq, Desa Loloan, Kecamatam Bayan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Abstract

Loang Godek merupakan kelompok permukiman adat masyarakat sasak yang berada di Desa Loloan Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Pada tahun sekitar 1970-an, permukiman adat Loang Godek terjadi bencana kebakaran yang meluluhlantahkan seluruh bangunan adat Loang Godek. Pada tahun 2018 di bulan Agustus Lombok Utara diguncang gempa bumi berkekuatan 7 skala Richter mengakibatkan bangunan-bangunan dengan konstruksi baru atau kekinianbanyak yang hancur dan bangunan tradisional dengan kosntruksi kayu banyak bertahan. Melihat fenomena ini sebagian masyarakat berusaha membangun kembali huniannya dengan gaya konstruksi tradisional diamana kontruksi bangunan yang dimaksud adalah pemilihan bahan-bahan kayu, karena terbukti bangunan tersebut lebih bisa bertahan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kwalitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pendekatan purposif sampling dimana didasarkan atas ciri-ciri atau sifat-sifat tertentu yang dipandang mempunyai sangkut paut erat dengan ciri-ciri atau sifat-sifat populasi yang sudah diketahui sebelumnya. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana orientasi masa bangunan, susunan dan fungsi masa bangunan, jarak antar fungsi masa bangunan dan pola susunan masa bangunan di permukiman adat Loang Godek. Hasil penelitian ini adalah susunan masa bangunan pada permukinan Adat Loang Godek tersusun berpola sejajar membentuk sumbu garis lurus adri Daya (Gunung Rinjai) dan Lauq (arah ke laut) dimana terdapat 3 (tiga) jenis bangunan yang kesemuanya masuk dalam wilayah teritori adat Loang Godek.

Abstract: Loang Godek is a group of traditional Sasak community settlements located in Loloan Village, Bayan District, North Lombok Regency. In the 1970s, the Loang Godek traditional settlement was hit by a fire that destroyed the entire Loang Godek traditional building. In 2018 in August, North Lombok was rocked by an earthquake measuring 7 on the Richter scale resulting in many buildings with new or contemporary construction being destroyed and many traditional buildings with wooden construction surviving. Seeing this phenomenon, some people are trying to rebuild their homes with traditional construction styles, where the construction of the building in question is the selection of wood materials, because it is proven that the building is more durable. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with a purposive sampling approach technique which is based on certain characteristics or traits that are considered to have a close relationship with the characteristics or characteristics of the population that have been known previously. This study looks at how the orientation of the building mass, the structure and function of the building mass, the distance between the functions of the building mass and the pattern of building mass structure in the Loang Godek traditional settlement. The results of this study are the arrangement of the buildings in the Loang Godek Customary Settlement arranged in a parallel pattern to form a straight line axis adri Daya (Mount Rinjai) and Lauq (towards the sea) where there are 3 (three) types of buildings, all of which are included in the Loang Godek customary territory.