Peresepan Obat “Off-Label†Pada Anak Dengan Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/lf.v2i1.3729Keywords:
off-label drugs, Acute Respiratory Tract, Infection, Prescribing, Children.Abstract
ABSTRAK
Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) termasuk penyakit yang banyak terjadi di Indonesia terutama pada usia anak. Pada populasi anak berisiko mendapatkan peresepan obat off-label dikarenakan terbatasanya data efikasi obat untuk anak. Penggunaan obat off-label meningkatkan risiko efek yang tidak dikehendaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan obat secara off-label pada peresepan pasien ISPA anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan peresepan obat dengan diagnosis ISPAÂ pada anak usia 0-18 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2019 sampai dengan Februari 2020. Pada` penelitian ini didapatkan 124 resep dengan diagnosis ISPA. Penggunaan obat off-label pada peresepan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut untuk pasien anak sebesar 23% dengan kategori off-label usia (15,67%), off-label dosis (5,70%), off-label rute pemberian (1,22%) dan off-label indikasi (0,40%). Jenis obat off-label paling banyak diresepkan untuk ISPA anak adalah antihistamin klorfeniramin maleat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan obat off-label pada penyakit ISPA anak cukup tinggi. Farmasis dan dokter dapat berkolaborasi untuk pemantauan penggunaan obat yang tergolong off-label. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk melihat korelasi atau faktor risiko yang berpotensi meningkatkan penggunaan off-label pada ISPA anak.
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Kata kunci : Obat off-label; ISPA; Peresepan; Anak.
ABSTRACT
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) is a disease that often occurs in Indonesia, especially in children. The population of children is high risk of receiving off-label prescription drugs. The use of off-label drugs increases the risk of undesirable effects. This study was aimed to evaluate the off-label use of drugs in prescribing with acute respiratory tract infection. This research is a descriptive observational study using a cross-sectional design. Data was collected by the prescription in children aged 0-18 years old with acute respiratory tract infection. This study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2020. In this study, 124 prescriptions were obtained with a diagnosis of ARTI. The use of off-label drugs was 23% with the off-label age category (15.67%), off-label dose (5.70%), off-label route of administration (1.22%) and off-label indication (0.40%). The type of off-label drug most commonly prescribed in children with ARTI is chlorpheniramine maleate. It can be concluded that the use of off-label drugs in children with ARTI disease is quite high. Pharmacists and clinicians should collaborate each other to monitor the use of drugs that are classified as off-label. Further research is needed to analyze  correlations or risk factors that potentially may increase off-label use in children with ARTI.
Keywords : Off-label drugs; Acute Respiratory Tract ; Infection; Prescribing; Children.
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