PERAN SENTRAL POTENSI GEOGRAFIS TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PEREKONOMIAN KERAJAAN MATARAM ISLAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/historis.v8i1.9343Keywords:
Potensi Geografis, Perkembangan Ekonomi, Kerajaan Mataram IslamAbstract
Kerajaan Mataram Islam merupakan kerajaan bercorak agraris yang dirintis oleh Ki Gede Pemanahan pada abad ke-16 M setelah memisahkan diri dari pemerintahan Kerajaan Pajang. Jauh sebelum Kerajaan Islam dibangun, kawasan ini merupakan kawasan hutan bernama Alas Mentaok yang diberikan kepada Sultan Adiwijaya setelah Ki Gede Pemanahan membantu Kerajaan Pajang melawan serangan Arya Penangsang dari Jipang. Sepeninggal Ki Gede Pemanahan, kekuasaan pemerintahan Kerajaan Mataram Islam dipegang oleh Panembahan Senapati dan berhasil mencapai masa kejayaannya ketika dipimpin oleh Sultan Agung. Kerajaan Mataram Islam sebagai kerajaan yang bercorak agraris sangat mengandalkan kegiatan bercocok tanam atau bercocok tanam untuk menjalankan kegiatan ekonomi kerajaan. Oleh karena itu, potensi geografis sangat berpengaruh bagi perkembangan dan kemajuan ekonomi Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan peran sentral potensi geografis dalam perkembangan ekonomi Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan, letak geografis dan potensi sangat mempengaruhi orientasi ekonomi suatu wilayah, tidak terkecuali di Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Wilayah Kerajaan Mataram Islam terletak di daerah pedalaman untuk dijadikan daerah pertanian dengan komoditas yang bervariasi. Selain itu, Kerajaan Mataram Islam terus mengembangkan kegiatan maritim, terutama kegiatan perdagangan dari dalam dengan daerah di luar Jawa.
The Islamic Mataram Kingdom is an agrarian style kingdom which was pioneered by Ki Gede Pemanahan in the 16th century AD after breaking away from the Pajang Kingdom government. Long before the Islamic Kingdom was built, this area was a forest area called Alas Mentaok which was awarded to Sultan Adiwijaya after Ki Gede Pemanahan helped the Pajang Kingdom against the Arya Penangsang attack from Jipang. After the death of Ki Gede Pemanahan, the ruling power of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom was held by Panembahan Senapati and succeeded in reaching its heyday when led by Sultan Agung. The Islamic Mataram Kingdom as an agrarian-style kingdom relied heavily on farming or farming activities to carry out the kingdom's economic activities. Therefore, geographical potential is very influential for the development and economic progress of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom. This study aims to identify and describe the central role of geographic potential in the economic development of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom. In this study, historical research methods were used with data collection carried out by literature study. From the results of the research found, geographical location and potential greatly affect the economic orientation of a region, not least in the Islamic Mataram Kingdom. The territory of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom was located in an inland area to be used as an agricultural area with varied commodities. In addition, the Islamic Mataram Kingdom continued to develop maritime activities, especially trading activities from the interior with areas outside Java.
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