EKOSISTEM PESISIR SEBAGAI PENGHASIL KARBON BIRU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/jeptec.v1i1.11949Abstract
Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki wilayah pesisir dan laut yang terdiri dari ekosistem mangrove, padang lamun, dan terumbu karang yang memiliki jenis, karakteristik dan luas yang berbeda-beda pada setiap regional akibat kondisi lingkungan dan aktivitas antropogenik. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan mengiintegrasi berbagai sumber terkini terkait keberadaan ekosistem mangrove, padang lamun, dan terumbu karang di Indonesia dan kontribusinya sebagai upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim. Atas kemampuannya dalam fiksasi dan penyimpanan karbon serta proses kalsifikasi, habitat pesisir dianggap sebagai sumber karbon biru sehingga dapat berkontribusi menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca berdasarkan Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) tahun 2030 sebesar 834 juta ton CO2e dengan target 29% dengan upaya sendiri dan 41% dengan bantuan internasional dalam kondisi tanpa ada aksi (business as usual).
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Kata Kunci: Ekosistem mangrove; Ekosistem padang lamun; Ekosistem terumbu karang, Karbon biru; Mitigasi perubahan iklim.
Abstract:Â Indonesia has coastal and marine areas consisting of mangrove ecosystems, seagrass beds, and coral reefs which have different types, characteristics and coverage areas in each region due to environmental conditions and anthropogenic activities. This study was conducted by integrating various current sources regarding mangrove, seagrass, and coral reefs and their contribution to climate change mitigation. Due to their ability to fix and store carbon as well as the calcification process, coastal habitats are considered a source of blue carbon that is able to contribute to reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) based on the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in 2030 of 834 million tonnes CO2e with a target of 29% self-effort and 41% with international assistance in business as usual.
Keywords: Mangrove ecosystems; Seagrass beds; Coral reefs; Blue carbon; Climate change mitigation.
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