IDENTIFIKASI EDUKASI DAN STIMULASI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOLOGIS ANAK PENYANDANG HIV-AIDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v7i5.16546Keywords:
Growth, Psychological Development, ADHA, Teenager.Abstract
Abstrak: Secara global sebanyak 2,73 juta anak berusia 0 –19 tahun mengidap HIV/ AIDS. Tahun 2021, diperkirakan setiap hari 850 anak terinfeksi HIV dan 301 anak meninggal karena penyebab terkait AIDS. Anak penyandang HIV (ADHA) mempunyai risiko adanya gangguan dalam tumbuh kembang dan keterlambatan perkembangan seksual dibandingkan dengan anak sehat. Selain itu, masalah psikologi pada kelompok usia 10 – 19 tahun/ remaja merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dialami ADHA. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah adanya ketakutan pada penyakit, kehilangan orang terdekat dan adanya stressor eksternal. Salah satu upaya menyelesaikan masalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan adalah dengan edukasi. Edukasi diharapkan menjadi salah satu stimulant yang dapat menumbuhkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku kesehatan. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah identifikasi secara personal pertumbuhan dan perkembangan psikologis serta melakukan edukasi – stimulasi sesuai dengan masalah yang didapatkan. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah anak penyandang HIV/ AIDS usia 10 – 19 tahun di Yayasan Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) Kota Surakarta sebanyak 5 orang anak. Hasil yang dicapai adalah seluruh anak penyandang HIV/ AIDS termasuk dalam kategori Indeks Massa Tubuh berat badan dibawah normal dan sebagian besar belum bisa mencapai kemandirian emosional. Edukasi yang dilakukan ada pemberian informasi tentang Pangan Beragam, Bergizi, Seimbang, dan Aman (B2SA) dengan menggunakan leaflet dan peer conseling dengan materi tugas perkembangan yang menekankan pada kemandirian emosional. Evaluasi keberhasilan edukasi PB2SA dilihat dengan adanya kenaikan nilai mean pengetahuan mitra sebelum dan sesudah edukasi yaitu 7,2 menjadi 8,6.
Abstract: Globally, as many as 2.73 million children aged 0 –19 years are living with HIV/AIDS. By 2021, it is estimated that 850 children will be infected with HIV every day and 301 children will die from AIDS-related causes. Children with HIV (ADHA) have a risk of disturbances in growth and development and delays in sexual development compared to healthy children. In addition, psychological problems in the age group of 10-19 years/adolescents are health problems experienced by ADHA. Several influencing factors are fear of disease, loss of loved ones and external stressors. One effort to solve the problem of growth and development is education. Education is expected to be one of the stimulants to grow health knowledge, attitudes and behavior. The purpose of this community service is personal identification of psychological growth and development as well as conducting education – stimulation according to the problems encountered. The partners for this community service activity are children with HIV/AIDS aged 10-19 years at the Peer Support Group Foundation (KDS) in Surakarta City, with 5 children. The results achieved were that all children with HIV/AIDS were included in the Body Mass Index category, under normal weight and most of them had not been able to achieve emotional independence. The education that was carried out was providing information about Diverse, Nutritious, Balanced and Safe Food (B2SA) using leaflets and peer counseling with material on developmental assignments that emphasized emotional independence. Evaluation of the PB2SA education is seen by an increase in the mean value of partners' knowledge before and after education; 7.2 to 8.6.
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