Statistical Skills Analysis of Students Using Online-Learning Platforms such as Whatsapp, Youtube, and Zoom Meetings during Covid-19 Pandemic

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i2.5166

Keywords:

Statistical Thinking, WhatsApp, YouTube, Zoom Meetings, Math Learning

Abstract

Education as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic has undergone transformation related to the learning process from face-to-face learning process to online-based learning process that utilizes various online platforms, such as WhatsApp, YouTube, and Zoom Meetings. The use of online platforms helps students to improve their cognitive skills, one of which is statistical skills. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant statistical difference between learning using WhatsApp, YouTube, and Zoom Meetings during online learning and to find out which online platforms are effective and interactive. The research sample consisted of 69 students taking statistics courses. The research method is mix-method or mix of quantitative and qualitative. The data collection techniques are online-based test instruments, questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis used Kruskal Wallis test and descriptive analysis test. The results showed that there were differences in students' statistical skills between the three classes, where the best came from learning using YouTube platform. The findings also show that students give higher positive responses to the use of YouTube as platform in online learning. The interview results show that the use of YouTube is more effective and interactive for students while participating in online-based learning. By that means, YouTube platform is effective in improving statistical skills in online learning.

References

Al-Rahmi, W. M., Othman, M. S., Yusof, L. M., & Musa, M. A. (2015). Using social media as a tool for improving academic performance through collaborative learning in Malaysian higher education. Review of European Studies, 7(3), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v7n3p265

Alabdulkareem, S. A. (2015). Exploring the Use and the Impacts of Social Media on Teaching and Learning Science in Saudi. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 182, 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.758

Albahlal, F. S. (2019). The Impact of YouTube on Improving Secondary School Students’ Speaking Skills: English Language Teachers’ Perspectives. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, 6(2), 1–17. http://www.jallr.com/~jallrir/index.php/JALLR/article/view/971

Aridor, K., & Ben-Zvi, D. (2018). Statistical modeling to promote students’ aggregate reasoning with sample and sampling. ZDM , 50(7), 1165–1181. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11858-018-0994-5

Cetinkaya, L. (2017). The Impact of Whatsapp Use on Success in Education Process. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3279

Choi, G. Y., & Behm-Morawitz, E. (2017). Giving a new makeover to STEAM: Establishing YouTube beauty gurus as digital literacy educators through messages and effects on viewers. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.034

Conway, B., Gary Martin, W., Strutchens, M., Kraska, M., & Huang, H. (2019). The Statistical Reasoning Learning Environment: A Comparison of Students’ Statistical Reasoning Ability. Journal of Statistics Education, 27(3), 171–187. https://doi.org/10.1080/10691898.2019.1647008

Crescente, M. L., & Lee, D. (2011). Critical issues of m-learning: Design models, adoption processes, and future trends. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, 28(2), 111–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/10170669.2010.548856

Dashraath, P., Wong, J. L. J., Lim, M. X. K., Lim, L. M., Li, S., Biswas, A., Choolani, M., Mattar, C., & Su, L. L. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 222(6), 521–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.03.021

delMas, R. C. (2002, January). Statistical Literacy, Reasoning, and Thinking: A Commentary. Journal of Statistics Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/10691898.2002.11910674

DeWitt, D., Alias, N., Siraj, S., Yaakub, M. Y., Ayob, J., & Ishak, R. (2013). The Potential of Youtube for Teaching and Learning in the Performing Arts. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 103, 1118–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.439

Duncan, I., Yarwood-Ross, L., & Haigh, C. (2013). YouTube as a source of clinical skills education. Nurse Education Today, 33(12), 1576–1580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.12.013

Elliott, A. C., & Hynan, L. S. (2011). A SAS® macro implementation of a multiple comparison post hoc test for a Kruskal-Wallis analysis. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 102(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.11.002

Fadillah, A., Nopitasari, D., & Pradja, B. P. (2020). Blended Learning Model During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Student’s’ Mathematical Disposition. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 4(2), 173–181. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v4i2.2582

García-Cuenllas Ãlvarez, L., Gutiérrez-Larraya Aguado, F., Maroto Ãlvaro, E., Rodríguez-López Domingo, A., Sánchez Fernández, P. L., García-Guereta Silva, L., & Lorente Toledano, F. (2020). Reference values (Z-score) of inlet and trabecular portion diameters of the right ventricle: First description in Spanish healthy children. Anales de Pediatria, 92(3), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.05.004

Hassannejad, S., Porheidar Ghafarbi, S., & Lotfi, R. (2020). The effect of nicosulfuron and bentazon on photosynthetic performance of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.). Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 6(January), 100026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2020.100026

Hertzog, P. E., & Swart, A. J. (2018). The use of WhatsApp in design-based modules. IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference, EDUCON, 2018-April, 445–450. https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON.2018.8363264

Hidayatullah, A., & Suprapti, E. (2020). The Affect of The Internet and Social Media: Mathematics Learning Environment Context. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 469, 012080. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/469/1/012080

June, S., Yaacob, A., & Kheng, Y. K. (2014). Assessing the Use of YouTube Videos and Interactive Activities as a Critical Thinking Stimulator for Tertiary Students: An Action Research. International Education Studies, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v7n8p56

Kanematsu, H., Ogawa, N., Shirai, T., Kawaguchi, M., Kobayashi, T., & Barry, D. M. (2016). Blinking Eyes Behaviors and Face Temperatures of Students in YouTube Lessons-For the Future E-learning Class. Procedia Computer Science, 96(September), 1619–1626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.08.209

Kauffman, L., Weisberg, E. M., Eng, J., & Fishman, E. K. (2021). YouTube and Radiology: The Viability, Pitfalls, and Untapped Potential of the Premier Social Media Video Platform for Image-Based Education. Academic Radiology, January, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.12.018

Kitta, M. I., Ismiarto, Y. D., Saleh, M. R., Sakti, M., Abidin, M. A., & Putra, L. T. (2020). Analysis of radiological alignment and functional outcomes of pediatric patients after surgery with displaced supracondylar humerus fracture: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Surgery Open, 24, 136–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2020.05.011

Kustiyani, A., W, S. S., & Suad. (2021). Implementation problem based learning model using zoom meeting application. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1823, 012077. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1823/1/012077

Lathifah, N. D., & Lestari, W. (2020). Needs Analysis on Zoom Meeting-Based Learning in Enhancing Elementary Students’ Mathematic Communication Skill. Proceeding International Conference on Islamic Education “Innovative Learning Designs to Empower Students in Digital Works" Volume 5, 181–185.

Lawson, T. J., Schwiers, M., Doellman, M., Grady, G., & Kelnhofer, R. (2003). Enhancing Students’ Ability to Use Statistical Reasoning with Everyday Problems. Teaching of Psychology, 30(2), 107–110. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328023TOP3002_04

Lazarus, J., & Roulet, G. (2013). Creating a YouTube-Like Collaborative Environment in Mathematics: Integrating Animated GeoGebra Constructions and Student-Generated Screencast Videos. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 4. https://homeworkhelp.ilc.org/

Lepak, J. R., Wernet, J. L. W., & Ayieko, R. A. (2018). Capturing and characterizing students’ strategic algebraic reasoning through cognitively demanding tasks with focus on representations. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 50, 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmathb.2018.01.003

Mahr, A., Cichon, M., Mateo, S., Grajeda, C., & Baggili, I. (2021). Zooming into the pandemic! A forensic analysis of the Zoom Application. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 36, 301107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2021.301107

Masrul, Abdillah, L. A., Tasnim, Simarmata, J., Sulaiman, D. O. K., Prianto, C., Agung, M. I. P., Febrianty, & Saputra, D. H. (2020). Pandemik COVID-19 Persoalan dan Refleksi (T. Limbong (ed.); 1st ed.). Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Mayo, I., Manivannan, S., Bisson, J., Leach, P., & Zaben, M. (2021). YouTube as a neurosurgical training tool for the insertion of external ventricular drain. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management, 24, 101079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inat.2020.101079

Mbuli, N., Mendu, B., Seitshiro, M., & Pretorius, J. H. C. (2020). Statistical analysis of forced outage durations of Eskom subtransmission transformers. Energy Reports, 6(2020), 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.235

McHugh, J. E., Wherton, J. P., Prendergast, D. K., & Lawlor, B. A. (2012). Teleconferencing as a source of social support for older spousal caregivers: Initial explorations and recommendations for future research. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 27(6), 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317512453491

Mulyana, D., Taufan, M., & Nurafifah, L. (2021). Improved Math Connection Skills Through Online Learning Using MATH-UNWIR. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 5(1), 171–181. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i1.3828

Naidoo, J., & Kopung, K. J. (2016). Exploring the Use of WhatsApp in Mathematics Learning: A Case Study. Journal of Communication, 7(2), 266–273.

Navarro-Ibarra, L., García-Santillán, A., Cuevas-Salazar, O., & Ansaldo-Leyva, J. (2017). Mathematics, technology and learning: How to align these variables in order to explain anxiety towards mathematics and attitude towards the use of technology for learning mathematics. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education; Modestum LTD. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.01060a

Negara, H. R. P., Santosa, F. H., & Ibrahim, M. (2019). Mengidentifikasi dan Mengembangkan Kemampuan Penalaran Statistis. MES: Journal of Mathematics Education and Science, 5(1), 29–41. https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/mesuisu

Oktaviani, M. A., & Notobroto, H. B. (2014). Perbandingan Tingkat Konsistensi Normalitas Distribusi Metode Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors, Shapiro-Wilk, dan Skewness-Kurtosis. Jurnal Biometrika Dan Kependudukan.

Pertiwi, C. M., Rohaeti, E. E., & Hidayat, W. (2020). The Students’ Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities, Self-Regulated Learning, and Vba Microsoft Word in New Normal: a Development of Teaching Materials. Infinity Journal, 10(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v10i1.p17-30

Pratama, H., Azman, M. N. A., Kassymova, G. K., S, S., & Duisenbayeva. (2020). The Trend in Using Online Meeting Applications for Learning During the Period of Pandemic COVID-19: A Literature Review. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 1(2), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v1i2.15

Rady, E. H. A., Mohamed, S. M., & Abd Elmegaly, A. A. (2018). Statistical analysis of the count and profitability of air conditioners. Data in Brief, 19, 413–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.035

Ramadhani, R., Bina, N. S., Sihotang, S. F., Narpila, S. D., & Mazaly, M. R. (2020). Students’ critical mathematical thinking abilities through flip-problem based learning model based on LMS-google classroom. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1657, 1657(1), 12025. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1657/1/012025

Ramadhani, R., & Fitri, Y. (2020). A Project-based learning into flipped classroom for ePUB3 electronic mathematics learning module (eMLM)-based on course design and implementation. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(7), 3119–3135. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080740

Ramadhani, R., & Narpila, S. D. (2018). Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Statistik Melalui Problem-Based Learning Berbudaya Lokal pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA YPK Medan. Jurnal PARADIKMA, 11(1), 74–84.

Rizkan, A. M., Mukhaiyar, & Refnaldi. (2018). The Effect of Using YouTube as A Teaching Media on the Students’ Listening Skill (The Case of 2nd Semester Students of English Education Study Program of IKIP PGRI Pontianak). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Volume 301, 286–291.

Rosenberg, H., & Asterhan, C. S. C. (2018). “WhatsApp, Teacher?†- Student Perspectives on Teacher-Student WhatsApp Interactions in Secondary Schools. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 17, 205. https://doi.org/10.28945/4081

Safar, A., & Alkhezzi, F. (2016). Students’ perspectives of the impact of online streaming media on teaching and learning at the college of education at Kuwait University. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 12(12), 2975–2989. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2016.02317a

Sari, W. N., Samosi, B. S., Sahara, N., Agustina, L., & Anit, Y. (2020). Learning Mathematics “Asyik†with Youtube Educative Media. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1477, 022012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1477/2/022012

Suana, W., Distrik, I. W., Herlina, K., Maharta, N., & Putri, N. M. A. A. (2019). Supporting Blended Learning Using Mobile Instant Messaging Application: Its Effectiveness and Limitations. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1011–1024. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12165a

Subhi, M. A., Nurjanah, N., Kosasih, U., & Rahman, S. A. (2020). Design of distance lectures in mathematics education with the utilization of the integration of Zoom and YouTube application. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1663, 12058. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1663/1/012058

Suryati, K., & Gede Adnyana, I. (2020). Blended Learning Strategies of Telegram-Assisted Learning Towards Student Mathematics Learning Results Reviewed from Learning Style. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 4(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v4i2.2438

Szeto, E., & Cheng, A. Y. N. (2014). Exploring the Usage of ICT and YouTube for Teaching: A Study of Pre-service Teachers in Hong Kong. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 23(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-013-0084-y

Tisdell, C., & Loch, B. (2017). How useful are closed captions for learning mathematics via online video? International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 48(2), 229–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2016.1238518

Trouche, L., & Drijvers, P. (2010). Handheld technology for mathematics education: Flashback into the future. ZDM - International Journal on Mathematics Education, 42(7), 667–681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-010-0269-2

Trujillo Loli, Y., D’Carlo Trejo Huamán, M., & Campos Medina, S. (2021). Telementoring of in-home real-time laparoscopy using whatsapp messenger: An innovative teaching tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cohort study. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 62(January), 481–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.01.085

Yousif Abdelraheem, A., & Mohammed Ahmed, A. (2018). The impact of using Mobile Social Network Applications on Students’ Social-Life. International Journal of Instruction, 11(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1121a

Zhang, D., & Liu, L. (2016). How does ICT use influence students’ achievements in math and science over time? Evidence from PISA 2000 to 2012. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education; Modestum LTD. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2016.1297a

Downloads

Published

2021-10-26

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): October

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish articles in JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright of the article and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC-BY-SA or The Creative Commons Attribution–ShareAlike License.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).