Scleroderma spp. in Indonesia : Poisoning Case and Potential Utilization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31764/justek.v3i2.3517Keywords:
Wild Mushroom, Food, Scleroderma, Toxicity, PotencyAbstract
Abstract : Mushroom are functional food which has been consumed for long time due to the various benefits and are rich in nutrients for health. Even though it is not the main food ingredient, local people in Indonesia are accustomed to consuming wild mushroom in the vicinity. One of these mushroom is Scleroderma spp. which grows as ectomycorrhizal mycobiont usually around the Gnetum gnemon L. plant. This study aimed to provide the information regarding poisioning case of Scleroderma in Indonesia and also it’s potential utilization. This paper is a literature-based quantitative research. Several previous studies have confirmed the benefits of this mushroom such as antioxidant, antibacteria, and anti-inflammatory which is beneficial for health. However, the result showed that during the last 10 years, there have been 6 cases of poisoning due to consumption of Scleroderma in Indonesia. A total of 54 people have become victims and 4 of them have died. Scleroderma spp. known to be easily found in various places throughout Indonesia. This mushroom is generally recommended to be consumed only in the young fruiting body phase. Some cases of poisoning are thought to be due to the sclerocitrin content in the fruiting body of this mushroom.
Abstrak : Jamur merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang telah sejak lama dikonsumsi karena memiliki berbagai manfaat dan kaya akan kandungan bahan bioaktif untuk kesehatan. Walaupun belum menjadi bahan pangan utama, masyarakat lokal di Indonesia telah terbiasa untuk mengkonsumsi jamur liar yang ada di sekitarnya. Salah satu dari jamur tersebut adalah Scleroderma spp. yang tumbuh sebagai mikobion pembentuk ektomikoriza umumnya di sekitaran tanaman melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai kasus keracunan Scleroderma di Indonesia serta potensi pemanfaatannya. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif berbasis literatur. Meskipun beberapa penelitian sebelumnya telah mengkonfirmasi manfaat dari jamur ini seperti: antioksidan, antibakteri, dan antiinflamasi yang bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Selama 10 tahun terakhir, telah terjadi 6 kasus keracunan akibat pengkonsumsian jamur liar Scleroderma di Indonesia. Sebanyak 54 orang telah menjadi korban dan 4 diantaranya meninggal dunia. Scleroderma spp. diketahui mudah ditemukan di berbagai tempat di seluruh Indonesia. Jamur ini umumnya disarankan hanya dikonsumsi pada fase tubuh buah yang masih muda. Beberapa kasus keracunan diduga juga karena kandungan sclerocitrin yang terdapat pada tubuh buah dari jamur ini.
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