Screening for Resistance to Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera sp.) On Accessions of Cutleaf Groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) from Indonesia
Keywords:
biopharmaceuticals, variability, selection, powdery mildew, diseases incidenceAbstract
Abstrak:Â Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) adalah tumbuhan liar yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional. Bahan baku agroindustri untuk biofarmaka membutuhkan kontinuitas produksi secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Embun tepung (Podosphaera sp.) biasanya menyerang seluruh bagian tanaman ciplukan sehingga menurunkan kualitas tanaman. Universitas Brawijaya mempunyai aksesi ciplukan dari seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk melakukan skrining ketahanan aksesi ciplukan terhadap embun tepung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya di Desa Jatimulyo, Lowokwaru, Kota Malang. Percobaan dilaksanakan Juni - Agustus 2021. Bahan penelitian terdiri dari 100 aksesi ciplukan, polibag, media tanah, dan pupuk. Percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Setiap aksesi pada satu plot terdiri dari 3 tanaman sehingga total ada 9 tanaman untuk seluruh ulangan. Aksesi-aksesi ciplukan asal Indonesia menunjukkan keragaman respon terhadap serangan embun tepung pada 14 hari setelah tanam, berkisar antara 0% - 55.6%. Berdasarkan kejadian penyakit maka dapat ditetapkan bahwa 49 aksesi sangat tahan (0.00%), 29 aksesi tahan (1-20%), 21 aksesi agak tahan (21-40%), dan 1 aksesi agak rentan (41-60%). Dengan demikian berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh bahan genetik ciplukan untuk bahan baku biofarmaka yang tahan terhadap penyakit embun tepung.
Â
Abstract: Cutleaf groundcherry (P. angulata L.) is a wild plant that is utilized as traditional medicine. Agroindustry raw materials for biopharmaceuticals require constant production in both quantity and quality. Powdery mildew (Podosphaera sp.) typically damages all areas of cutleaf groundcherry plant, lowering plant quality. Universitas Brawijaya has cutleaf groundcherry accessions from all throughout Indonesia. The study's goal was to screen powdery mildew resistance of cutleaf groundcherry accessions. The study was conducted in greenhouse of the Experimental Field Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya in Jatimulyo, Lowokwaru, Malang City. The experiment took place between June-August 2021. The research materials included 100 accessions cutleaf groundcherry, polybags, soil media, and fertilizer. The experiment was using randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Each accession in one plot had three plants, for a total of nine plants throughout all replications. At 14 dap plants showed responses to powdery mildew ranging from 0% to 55.6%. Based on disease incidence, it can be determined that 49 accessions were very resistant (0.00%), 29 accessions were resistant (1-20%), 21 accessions were moderately resistant (21-40%), 1 accession was moderately susceptible (41-60%). Based on this research, cutleaf groundcherry accessions were obtained as raw materials for biopharmaceuticals that are resistant to powdery mildew.References
Ali, M., Hannan, A., Shafi, J., Ahmad, W., Ayyub, C. M., Asad, S., Tassawar, H., & Sarwar, M. A. (2013). Nutrient Supplement Efficacy Against Powdery Mildew of Pumpkin (Sphaero the cafuliginea) and Its Correlation with Environmental Factors. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(10), 17–20.
Balint, P., & Kurti. (2019). The plant hypersensitive response: concepts, control and consequences. Molecular Plant Pathology, 20(8), 1163–1178. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12821
Carisse, O., Lefebvre, A., Van der Heyden, H., Roberge, L., & Brodeur, L. (2013). Analysis of incidence-severity relationships for strawberry powdery mildew as influenced by cultivar, cultivar type, and production systems. Plant Disease, 97(3), 354–362. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0508-RE
de Melo Aguiar, B., Vida, J. B., Tessmann, D. J., de Oliveira, R. R., Aguiar, R. L., & Alves, T. C. A. (2012). Espécies de fungos que causam oÃdio em casas de vegetação cultivadas com pepino e melão no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Acta Scientiarum-Agronomy, 34(3), 247–252. https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v34i3.13999
Donkor, A., Glover, R. L. K., Boateng, J. K., & Gakpo, V. Y. (2012). Antibacterial activity of the fruit extract of Physalis angulata and its formulation. Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences, 1(4), 21–26.
Klement, Z., & Goodman, R. . (1967). The Hypersensitive Reaction To Infection By Bacterial Plant Pathogensi,2,3,4. Phytopathol, 5(2151), 17–44.
Kourelis, J., & Van Der Hoorn, R. A. L. (2018). Defended to the nines: 25 years of resistance gene cloning identifies nine mechanisms for R protein function. Plant Cell, 30(2), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.17.00579
Krinski, D. (2013). Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae): Uma potencial planta hospedeira de percevejos Edessa meditabunda F. (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Biota Neotropica, 13(2), 336–339. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000200036
Mersha, Z., & Trinklein, D. (2015). Powdery Mildew on Tomato. Integrated Pest Management, University of Missouri, 4(36), 1–2.
Santiago, W. R., Gama, J. S. N., Torres, S. B., & Bacchetta, G. (2019). Physiological maturity of Physalis angulata L. seeds. Revista Ciencia Agronomica, 50(3), 431–438. https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20190051
Sarosi, G. A. (1983). Management of fungal diseases. American Review of Respiratory Disease, 127(2), 250–253. https://doi.org/10.1164/arrd.1983.127.2.250
Saudah, Viena, V., & Ernilasari. (2019). Eksplorasi spesies tumbuhan berkhasiat obat berbasis pengetahuan lokal di kabupaten Pidie. Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, 12(2), 56–67.
Singh, N., Singh, S., Maurya, P., Arya, M., Khan, F., Dwivedi, D. H., & Saraf, S. A. (2019). An updated review on physalis peruviana fruit: Cultivational, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical aspects. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 10(2), 97–110.
Tian, X., Zhang, L., Feng, S., Zhao, Z., & Wang, X. (2019). Transcriptome Analysis of Apple Leaves in Response to Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) Infection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(2326).
Vale, F. X. R. Do, Parlevliet, J. E., & Zambolim, L. (2001). Concepts in plant disease resistance. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 26(3), 577–589. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582001000300001
Wang, C., Cai, X., & Zheng, Z. (2005). High humidity represses Cf-4 / Avr4- and Cf-9 / Avr9-dependent hypersensitive cell death and defense gene expression. 947–956. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-005-0036-8
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish articles in procceding of Seminar Nasional Karya Pengabdian agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright of the article and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC-BY-SA or The Creative Commons Attribution–ShareAlike License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).